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• ICU Sonography | Demystifying sonology in intensive care
  • ICU Sonography | Demystifying sonology in intensive care
  • Course Details | ICU Sonography
  • ICU Sonology tutorials | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 1 - Basic physics of ultrasound and the Doppler phenomenon | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 2 - Modes of Ultrasound | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 3 - Setting up and acquiring images | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 4 - Volume status and preload responsiveness assessment | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 5 - Assessment of LV systolic function | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 6 - Assessment of LV diastolic function and filling pressures | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 7 - Assessment of the right heart | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 8 - Assessment of pericardial disease | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 9 - Lung ultrasound | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 10 - Vascular ultrasound | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 11 - Abdominal ultrasound | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 12 - Miscellaneous uses and scenarios | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial 13 - Infection control and legal issues | ICU Sonography
  • Forums | ICU Sonography
    • Critical Care | ICU Sonography
    • Critical Care topics | ICU Sonography
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        • Critical Care topics | ICU Sonography
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        • Critical Care topics | ICU Sonography
    • ICU Sonology | ICU Sonography
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    • iSONO course | ICU Sonography
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    • Everything else | ICU Sonography
    • Odds and Ends | ICU Sonography
      • Odds and Ends | ICU Sonography
        • Odds and Ends | ICU Sonography
      • Odds and Ends | ICU Sonography
        • Odds and Ends | ICU Sonography
      • Odds and Ends | ICU Sonography
        • Odds and Ends | ICU Sonography
      • Odds and Ends | ICU Sonography
        • Odds and Ends | ICU Sonography
  • MICU | ICU Sonography
    • The webmaster and webmistress | ICU Sonography
    • The medical ICU team | ICU Sonography
    • Sonosite Micromaxx | ICU Sonography
    • The webmaster's family | ICU Sonography
  • Tutorial images | ICU Sonography
    • LVOT dia | ICU Sonography
    • Interactions of Ultrasound with tissue | ICU Sonography
    • Production of an echo depending on relative acoustic impedances of the two media | ICU Sonography
    • Example of a reverberation artifact. | ICU Sonography
    • Example of a ring-down artifact. | ICU Sonography
    • Example of a mirror-image artifact. | ICU Sonography
    • Example of a reflection artifact. | ICU Sonography
    • Example of an enhancement artifact. | ICU Sonography
    • In this scan of the gallbladder, the left side shows enhancement described above; the right side shows a decreased bea | ICU Sonography
    • Table 1: Percentage reflection of ultrasound at boundaries | ICU Sonography
    • 1.1 | ICU Sonography
    • Figure 1: An example of 2D imaging | ICU Sonography
    • Tutorial images | ICU Sonography
      • An example of M Mode showing movements of the mitral leaflets over time | ICU Sonography
      • Another example of M mode through the left ventricle showing movement of the walls over time | ICU Sonography
      • Schematic diagram of Colour Doppler | ICU Sonography
      • An example of Color Flow Imaging of a mitral regurgitation jet | ICU Sonography
      • Using Colour flow to guide CWD in aortic regurgitation | ICU Sonography
      • An example of Pulsed Wave Doppler of normal flow through the left ventricular outflow tract | ICU Sonography
      • This Pulsed Wave Doppler of mitral inflow shows an aliased mitral regurgitation waveform | ICU Sonography
      • An example of Continuous Wave Doppler of a mitral regurgitation jet. | ICU Sonography
      • An example of Tissue Doppler through the medial mitral annulus | ICU Sonography
      • Parasternal long axis view | ICU Sonography
      • Changing the angle of the ultrasound probe results in being able to view short axis images from the aortic root down to the apex | ICU Sonography
      • Short axis view at the level of the aortic valve | ICU Sonography
    • Tutorial images | ICU Sonography
      • Apical 4 chamber view | ICU Sonography
      • Apical 5 chamber view – the LVOT, aortic valve and root are visualize | ICU Sonography
      • Apical 2 chamber view | ICU Sonography
      • Probe position for the subcostal view | ICU Sonography
      • Subcostal 4 chamber view | ICU Sonography
      • Longitudinal view of the inferior vena cava (IVC) | ICU Sonography
      • Physiological respiratory variations in IVC diameter in a healthy volunteer breathing quietly | ICU Sonography
      • Simultaneous measurements of the central venous pressure (CVP) and IVC diameter at the end of expiration in 108 mechanically ven | ICU Sonography
      • Respiratory variations in IVC diameter in a patient on controlled ventilation. IVC diameter increases on each inspiration | ICU Sonography
      • Measuring the maximum and minimum diameters in a M-mode tracing of the IVC showing marked IVC variability | ICU Sonography
      • Measuring the maximum and minimum diameters in a M-mode tracing of the IVC showing insignificant IVC variability | ICU Sonography
      • Tracing the endocardial margin of the LV at end diastole | ICU Sonography
    • Tutorial images | ICU Sonography
      • Correct placement of the PWD cursor in the LVOT proximal to the aortic valve | ICU Sonography
      • Tracing the VTI of the PWD at the LVOT | ICU Sonography
      • Figure 10: Measuring the maximum and minimum Vmax at the LVOT | ICU Sonography
      • M-mode of the LV in PLAX view | ICU Sonography
      • Systolic measurements with a caliper in progress | ICU Sonography
      • Diastolic measurements done with the calipers | ICU Sonography
      • Report of EF and FS generated | ICU Sonography
      • M-mode of LV showing moderate LV dysfunction | ICU Sonography
      • Calculation of LV volume in end-diastole | ICU Sonography
      • Tracing endocardial border in end-systole | ICU Sonography
      • Tracing of endocardium in end-systole completed | ICU Sonography
      • Calculation of volume in end-systole | ICU Sonography
    • Tutorial images | ICU Sonography
      • Report of ejection fraction generated | ICU Sonography
      • Placement of the first cursor point on the 1m/s line | ICU Sonography
      • Placement of the second cursor point on the 3m/s line. The dP/dT in this case is normal | ICU Sonography
      • dP/dT in a patient with severe LV dysfunction | ICU Sonography
      • Measuring the LVOT diameter at attachments of the aortic leaflets | ICU Sonography
      • Placement of the PWD cusor in the LVOT in A4C view | ICU Sonography
      • Tracing the PWD waveform obtained in the LVOT | ICU Sonography
      • Normal Mitral inflow pattern | ICU Sonography
      • Measuring the E wave velocity | ICU Sonography
      • Measuring the A wave velocity | ICU Sonography
      • Marking the slope of the E wave to measure Dct | ICU Sonography
    • Tutorial images | ICU Sonography
      • Placement of the TDI cursor on the medial mitral annulus | ICU Sonography
      • Measuring e' on the medial annulus tissue doppler trace | ICU Sonography
      • Placement of the TDI cursor on the lateral mitral annulus | ICU Sonography
      • Timing correlates of LA pressure, mitral inflow and pulmonary venous flow | ICU Sonography
      • Hepatic venous flow profile | ICU Sonography
      • Represents the different diastolic filling patterns | ICU Sonography
      • The E/A ratio is < 1, with a prolonged Dct | ICU Sonography
      • The E/A ratio is < 1, with a prolonged Dct | ICU Sonography
      • E/e' (medial) >15 | ICU Sonography
      • E/A >1.0 | ICU Sonography
      • E/e' is elevated but just short of meeting criteria for grade 2 | ICU Sonography
      • Normal appearance of RV in SAX | ICU Sonography
    • Tutorial images | ICU Sonography
      • Enlarged, rounded RV with flattening of IVS in diastole | ICU Sonography
      • Enlarged, rounded RV with flattening of IVS in diastole | ICU Sonography
      • RA and RV enlargement in a patient with pulmonary embolism | ICU Sonography
      • Subcostal view showing right to left shunt through a patent foramen ovale | ICU Sonography
      • Tricuspid annular displacement indicating normal RV function | ICU Sonography
      • Tricuspid annulus peak systolic velocity | ICU Sonography
      • Measuring maximum tricuspid jet velocity on CWD trace | ICU Sonography
      • PR trace on CWD. | ICU Sonography
      • Peak and end-diastolic PR velocities being measured by 2 calipers. | ICU Sonography
      • M-mode of IVC with thrombus within. Also note the lack of IVC variation with respiration | ICU Sonography
      • Visualization of Main pulmonary artery and its branches in the basal SAX view. | ICU Sonography
      • Reduced TAD in a patient with pulmonary embolism | ICU Sonography
    • Tutorial images | ICU Sonography
      • Posterior pericardial effusion in SAX view | ICU Sonography
      • posterior pericardial effusion in PLAX view | ICU Sonography
      • Large pericardial effusion with the heart swinging from one end to the other | ICU Sonography
      • M-mode through the RVOT showing early diastolic collapse | ICU Sonography
      • M-mode through RA in A4C showing end-diastolic and early systolic collapse | ICU Sonography
      • Distended IVC with only 2.7% variability in the same patient as fig.5 | ICU Sonography
      • These short ill-defined comet tails are not B-lines | ICU Sonography
      • Mechanism of formation of an ultrasound lung comet | ICU Sonography
      • The granular pattern below the pleural line in the left half of the picture is lung parenchyma, while the horizontal lines | ICU Sonography
      • Horizontal lines have intermittently replaced the granular appearance of lung parenchyma suggesting a pneumothorax | ICU Sonography
      • Algorithm for the ultrasound diagnosis of pneumothorax | ICU Sonography
      • Left sided pleural effusion with the spleen on the right and consolidated lung on the left | ICU Sonography
    • Tutorial images | ICU Sonography
      • Comparing normal lung artifacts with consolidated lung | ICU Sonography
      • Consolidation with punctiform hyperechoic air bronchogram | ICU Sonography
      • Right lower lobe consolidation on left and liver on right separated by the diaphragm | ICU Sonography
      • Decision tree indicating a way of reaching 90.5% accuracy with lung ultrasound | ICU Sonography
      • Phasicity of flow with respiration | ICU Sonography
      • Augmentation response to calf compression, with noise due to movement | ICU Sonography
      • Example of a cleaning protocol | ICU Sonography
  • Links | ICU Sonography
  • About us | ICU Sonography
  • Contact information | ICU Sonography
  • Minimum requirements | ICU Sonography
  • Site instructions | ICU Sonography
  • Legal and copyright information | ICU Sonography
  • Zooming in on the LVOT in the PLAX view | ICU Sonography
  • Need registration details | ICU Sonography
    • Critical Care | ICU Sonography
    • iSONO course | ICU Sonography
      • iSONO course | ICU Sonography
        • iSONO course | ICU Sonography
      • iSONO course | ICU Sonography
        • iSONO course | ICU Sonography
      • iSONO course | ICU Sonography
        • iSONO course | ICU Sonography
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